Controlled and field studies have taken place in the U.S., Italy, and India to gather more information on calcium chloride as a non-surgical sterilization option for male dogs and cats. The calcium chloride-based compound used for sterilization is not presently approved by any regulatory agency, and it is created through compounding ingredients.  ACC&D believes that the current use of calcium chloride as an injectable sterilant should be considered experimental and that it should only be used, if it all, under closely monitored conditions.

In October 2014, two peer-reviewed research papers on calcium chloride were published in the open-access journal Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. "Alcohol diluent provides the optimal formulation for calcium chloride non-surgical sterilization in dogs" can be accessed here; "A dose-finding, long-term study on the use of calcium chloride in saline solution as a method of nonsurgical sterilization in dogs" can be accessed here. Comprehensive reviews and information on calcium chloride can be accessed below.